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1.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 37(2): 140-148, Apr.-June 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013293

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the structure and the processes of care for pregnant women/newborn infants, including the Essential Newborn Care (ENC), in maternity hospitals in Sergipe State, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out between June 2015 and April 2016 in all maternity hospitals of Sergipe with more than 500 deliveries/year (n=11). A questionnaire on the existing structure and work processes was administered to the managers. Subsequently, a representative number of postpartum women from these hospitals were interviewed (n=768). Their medical records, as well as newborn infants' records, were also analyzed. Results: Sergipe has 78 beds of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and 90 beds of Intermediate Care Unit (IMCU) to meet spontaneous and programmed demand. Only six maternity hospitals (54.5%) performed the risk classification, and four (36.3%) had protocols for high-risk parturient care. Regarding the ENC components, only 41% (n=315) of the women had early skin-to-skin contact with their babies, 33.1% (n=254) breastfed in the first hour of life, and 18% (n=138) had a companion always during birth. Conclusions: The distribution of NICU beds between capital city and other cities of the State is adequate, considering Brazilian guidelines. However, there was a low adherence to the protocols for hypertensive and hemorrhagic emergencies, and a low coverage of humanization policies, pregnancy risk classification and ENC practices, especially breastfeeding in the first hour of life, and companion always during birth.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a estrutura e os processos de atendimento a gestante/recém-nascido, incluindo os componentes do Essential Newborn Care (ENC), das maternidades de Sergipe, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado entre junho de 2015 e abril de 2016 em todas as maternidades de Sergipe (n=11) com mais de 500 partos/ano. Foi aplicado um questionário aos gestores sobre a estrutura e os processos de trabalhos existentes. Posteriormente, um número representativo de puérperas desses hospitais foi entrevistado (n=768) e seus prontuários, bem como o dos recém-nascidos, foram analisados. Resultados: Sergipe conta com 78 leitos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) e 90 de Unidade Intermediária (UI) para atendimento da demanda espontânea e programada. Somente seis maternidades (54,5%) realizam a classificação de risco e quatro (36,3%) possuem protocolos para atendimento das parturientes de alto risco. No que se refere aos componentes do ENC, apenas 41% (n=315) das mulheres tiveram contato pele a pele precoce com seu filho, 33,1% (n=254) amamentaram na primeira hora de vida e 18% (n=138) tiveram a presença do acompanhante em todos os momentos do parto. Conclusões: A distribuição de leitos de UTIN entre capital/interior é adequada no Estado, levando-se em consideração a legislação vigente no país. Entretanto, houve baixa adesão aos protocolos das emergências hipertensivas e hemorrágicas, e baixa cobertura das políticas de humanização, da classificação de risco para a gestante e das práticas do ENC, principalmente quanto à amamentação na primeira hora de vida e à presença do acompanhante na parturição.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/standards , Clinical Protocols , Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Patient Care Management/methods , Patient Care Management/organization & administration , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/organization & administration , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Perinatal Care/methods , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Health Services Needs and Demand , Hospitals, Maternity/standards , Hospitals, Maternity/statistics & numerical data
2.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(11): 3505-3516, Oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-974725

ABSTRACT

Resumo Com princípios de respeito à proteção e à implementação dos direitos humanos, à diversidade cultural, étnica e racial e à promoção da equidade, a Rede Cegonha assegura direitos ao planejamento reprodutivo e provimento contínuo das ações de atenção à saúde materna e infantil. Este trabalho objetivou analisar diferenças na atenção ao pré-natal e ao parto no SUS segundo raça/cor a partir de dados da Pesquisa da Ouvidoria Ativa da Rede Cegonha em 2012. Este estudo descritivo utilizou o banco de dados secundários da pesquisa da Ouvidoria Geral do SUS. Constituíram o universo desta investigação 253.647 mulheres, sendo que 50,8% se autodeclararam pardas, 35,4% brancas, 10,6% pretas, 2,1% amarelas, 0,6% indígenas e de 0,5% sem informações sobre raça/cor. As mulheres de raça/cor preta/parda aparecem em piores condições nas características socioeconômicas, na assistência ao pré-natal e ao parto, em todas as variáveis estudadas, menos para agressão no parto e pagamento suplementar. Esse conhecimento sobre iniquidades e vulnerabilidades deve servir de alerta para a sociedade e para o poder público como diretriz para a elaboração de políticas e ações destinadas a reduzir desigualdades em saúde.


Abstract With principles of respect to the protection and implementation of human rights, cultural, ethnic and racial diversity and also the promotion of equity, the Stork Network ensures the right to reproductive planning and continued provision of care in maternal and child health. This study sought to evaluate the Active Ombudsman Survey of the Stork Network conducted with women who had their births assisted by the Unified Health System (SUS) in 2012, in order to analyze ethnic/racial differences in prenatal and childbirth care. This descriptive study used the secondary database from the survey conducted by the SUS Ombudsman. The universe of this investigation was constituted by 253,647 women, and 50.8% self-declared themselves as brown, 35.4% white, 10.6% black 2.1% yellow, 0.6% Indians and for 0.5% race/color was not informed. Women of black/brown race appear to be worse off in socioeconomic characteristics, prenatal and childbirth care, in all variables studied, except concerning aggression and supplementary payment. Knowledge about inequalities and vulnerability of this group may serve to alert society and the government, and as a guideline for the development of policies and actions to reduce health inequalities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Perinatal Care/standards , Vulnerable Populations , Black or African American , National Health Programs/standards , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Delivery, Obstetric/standards , Reproductive Rights , Healthcare Disparities/ethnology , Social Determinants of Health , Human Rights , National Health Programs/organization & administration
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(11): 3517-3524, Oct. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-974726

ABSTRACT

Resumo Os diferentes modelos de assistência ao parto e a escolha pela realização de cesáreas ou parto vaginal há tempos são debatidos no Brasil e no mundo. A complexidade dos fatores que cercam o tipo de parto escolhido e sua assistência tem suscitado questionamentos que vão desde a qualidade da atenção obstétrica até o significado da parturição para as mulheres. Assim, a nova proposta do Ministério da Saúde (MS), de humanização na atenção ao parto estabelecendo mudanças em relação ao acesso, assistência, qualidade e resolutividade, tem por objetivo tornar a experiência da gestação mais humanizada e menos tecnicista. O Hospital Sofia Feldman, em Belo Horizonte (MG), é tido como referência pelas boas práticas nessa área, de acordo com a Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar. Para que a humanização do cuidado gestacional se torne uma realidade nacional ainda existem muitos desafios a serem superados dentro dos sistemas de saúde, como problemas, sobretudo quanto ao sistema de formação educacional, o qual continua a preparar profissionais de saúde dentro do modelo intervencionista, focado na figura do médico. O presente estudo tem por objetivo fornecer um panorama acerca das diferentes práticas assistenciais humanizadas, voltadas à gestação e ao parto, realizadas nas regiões sul e sudeste do Brasil.


Abstract The humanization of care in childbirth and the choice of performing cesarean or vaginal delivery have long been discussed in Brazil and worldwide. The complexities of the factors surrounding this issue range from the quality of obstetric care through to the significance of childbirth for women. A new proposal for humanization of delivery was introduced by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the objectives of which were to make changes to the current system of delivery practices regarding, access, care, quality and resolution, in order to make it a more human and less technical experience. The Sofia Feldman Hospital, in Belo Horizonte - MG, is a benchmark in the adoption of best practices in care during childbirth, according to the Brazilian National Health Agency. However, for the humanization to become a national reality, there are still many challenges to be overcome within the public health system and the private partnerships. The most important problems are related with the current education system that continues to prepare health professionals to act in an interventional way, focused on the physician figure. This study aims to provide an overview about the different humanized care practices focused on pregnancy and childbirth, conducted in southern and southeastern Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Quality of Health Care , Delivery, Obstetric/methods , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Physicians/organization & administration , Brazil , Cesarean Section , Public Health , Health Personnel/education , Perinatal Care/standards , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Delivery, Obstetric/standards , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Parturition , Public-Private Sector Partnerships , Health Services Accessibility , National Health Programs/standards
4.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 41: e38, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845709

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Se buscó mejorar el desempeño de la política de regionalización en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, como estrategia para mejorar la atención en salud perinatal mediante el diagnóstico de los procesos de implementación, y la construcción de consensos entre decisores y partes interesadas alrededor de un plan de acción. Métodos Se realizó una investigación en implementación con metodología mixta. Mediante un diagnóstico de situación, se establecieron indicadores trazadores para medir la adherencia a los componentes de la política. A través de un análisis de actores, se identificaron barreras y facilitadores a la implementación. Por medio de talleres para la elaboración de un resumen de políticas y un diálogo deliberativo se brindó capacitación sobre la elaboración de políticas basadas en consenso y evidencia. Resultados Hubo mejoras en la cantidad de nacimientos ocurridos en hospitales adecuados y en aquellos ocurridos en maternidades con Condiciones Obstétricas y Neonatales Esenciales (CONE). Se identificaron barreras en el sistema de referencia y en la comunicación sobre la política, lo que resultó en un acuerdo inicial en el uso de guías y capacitación técnica específica con respecto al traslado de bebés y madres. Conclusiones La participación de agentes de salud en la identificación de las barreras y las estrategias para sortearlas y la utilización de herramientas para informar a la gestión permiten la adopción de estrategias consensuadas y basadas en evidencias para mejorar la implementación de una política.


ABSTRACT Objective Improve the performance of the regionalization policy in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, as a strategy to improve perinatal health care by analyzing implementation processes and building consensus among decision makers and stakeholders around an action plan. Methods Implementation research was conducted using mixed methodology. A needs assessment established tracer indicators to measure adherence to the components of the policy. Actors were studied to identify the barriers and facilitators of implementation. Training was provided on the development of consensus- and evidence-based policies, through workshops in which policy briefs were prepared and through a deliberative dialogue. Results There were improvements in the number of births in appropriate hospitals and in the number of births in maternity hospitals with Essential Obstetric and Neonatal Care (CONE). Barriers were identified in the referral systems and in communication on policy, which resulted in an initial agreement on the need for guidelines and specific technical training on the transfer of babies and mothers. Conclusions The participation of health workers in identifying barriers and strategies to overcome them, and the use of tools to report this to management, permit the adoption of consensus- and evidence-based strategies to improve policy implementation.


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Argentina
5.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 22(3): 705-722, jul.-set. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-756455

ABSTRACT

This article explores the controversial decision made by the Ministry of Health to restructure the perinatal emergency services in Portugal in 2006. Particular emphasis is given to the protests held across the country against, the actors involved, and the arguments put forward for and against the measure, in an attempt to understand the forms of knowledge and experiences brought to the discussion about the issues raised by the decision, and how different forms of knowledge are reconciled under a democratic process. In addition, this article explores the importance of citizen participation, including that which emerges from conflicting relations, in the formulation of health policies.


O artigo examina o processo de restruturação dos serviços de emergência perinatal implementado pelo Ministério da Saúde em Portugal em 2006 e tem como objetivo analisar essa decisão controversa. Especial ênfase é dada aos protestos desencadeados no país contra essa medida, os atores envolvidos e os argumentos contra e a favor, de forma a compreender os conhecimentos e as experiências trazidos para discussão dos problemas suscitados pela decisão tomada e como diferentes formas de conhecimento podem ser conciliadas no âmbito de procedimentos democráticos. Além disso, explora a relevância da participação cidadã na formulação de políticas de saúde, incluindo aquela que emerge de relações conflitantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Community Participation/history , Dissent and Disputes/history , Emergency Medical Services/history , Health Policy/history , Hospital Units/history , Maternal-Child Health Services/history , Perinatal Care/history , Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration , Infant Mortality/trends , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Portugal/epidemiology , Pregnancy
6.
J Health Popul Nutr ; 2008 Sep; 26(3): 280-94
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-693

ABSTRACT

Bangladesh is on its way to achieving the MDG 5 target of reducing the maternal mortality ratio by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015, but the annual rate of decline needs to triple. Although the use of skilled birth attendants has improved over the past 15 years, it remains less than 20% as of 2007 and is especially low among poor, uneducated rural women. Increasing the numbers of skilled birth attendants, deploying them in teams in facilities, and improving access to them through messages on antenatal care to women, have the potential to increase such use. The use of caesarean sections is increasing although not among poor, uneducated rural women. Strengthening appropriate quality emergency obstetric care in rural areas remains the major challenge. Strengthening other supportive services, including family planning and delayed first birth, menstrual regulation, and education of women, are also important for achieving MDG 5.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Bangladesh/epidemiology , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Maternal Health Services , Maternal Mortality/trends , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Postnatal Care/organization & administration , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care/organization & administration , Quality of Health Care , Women's Health Services/standards
8.
Indian J Med Sci ; 2006 Dec; 60(12): 506-13
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-66018

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite efforts by government and other agencies, neonatal morbidity and mortality continues to be high in India. Among other reasons, newborn care practices are major contributors for such high rates. AIMS: To find out the newborn care practices including delivery practices, immediate care given after birth and breast-feeding practices in an urban slum of Delhi. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Community based, cross-sectional survey in a resettlement colony (a type of urban slum). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semi-structured, pre-tested schedule was used to interview 82 mothers of newborns in the study area. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data was analyzed using Epi - info version 6.04. Fischer exact test and chi2 test were applied. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: More than half i.e. 26 (56.1%) of home deliveries, which were mostly conducted by dais (24, 91.3%) or relatives in 4 (8.7%) of home deliveries. Bathing the baby immediately after birth was commonly practiced in 38 (82.6%) of home deliveries. Finger was used to clean the air passage in most of the home deliveries (29, 63%). About 61% (28) of home delivered newborns were not weighed at birth. Rooming in was practiced in majority of the cases. A few of home delivered neonates (12) were given injection tetanus toxoid by unqualified practitioners. Use of clip, band or sterile thread to tie the cord and no application to the cord was significantly higher in institutional deliveries. Breast milk as the first feed was significantly more in institutional deliveries. There is an urgent need to reorient health care providers and to educate mothers on clean delivery practices and early neonatal care.


Subject(s)
Cross-Sectional Studies , Delivery, Obstetric , Guideline Adherence , Health Care Surveys , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Poverty Areas
9.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 69(3): 203-208, 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-400442

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Comparar entre Chile y Cuba, países con diferentes sistemas de salud y realidades socioeconómicas, los indicadores de morbimortalidad perinatal e infantil. Material y método. En el período 1991-2001, se comparan entre Chile y Cuba, las tasas de mortalidad fetal tardía, neonatal precoz, perinatal e infantil y el bajo peso al nacer. La tendencia de las variables se estudia mediante análisis de correlación de Pearson. Los promedios y las causas de muerte se analizan según t de Student y Chi cuadrado, respectivamente. La información se obtuvo de las bases de estadísticas vitales de Chile y Cuba. Resultados. Cuba tuvo tasas de mortalidad neonatal precoz e infantil significativamente menores que Chile y mayores de mortalidad fetal tardía y perinatal y de bajo peso al nacer. En Chile, la tendencia descendente de la mortalidad fetal tardía, neonatal precoz, perinatal e infantil fue significativa; similar tendencia presentó en Cuba la mortalidad neonatal precoz, perinatal e infantil y el bajo peso al nacer. La mortalidad fetal tardía en Cuba y el bajo peso al nacer en Chile, no presentaron cambios significativos. En Cuba, la mortalidad infantil por afecciones perinatales, malformaciones congénitas y neumonía fueron significativamente menores que en Chile y mayores por accidentes y sepsis. Conclusiones. Chile y Cuba, en el período 1991-2001, redujeron significativamente la mortalidad perinatal e infantil, de acuerdo a sus realidades históricas, sociales, económicas y principios éticos vigentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Fetal Mortality , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant Mortality/trends , Maternal Mortality/trends , Perinatal Mortality , Perinatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Social Planning , Chile/epidemiology , Cuba/epidemiology , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Vital Statistics
11.
Rev. saúde pública ; 36(6): 759-772, dez. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-326394

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo, realizou-se uma revisäo da literatura sobre mortalidade perinatal com maior enfoque na evitabilidade desses óbitos. Foram pesquisadas, sobretudo, publicaçöes da década de 90 nas bases Medline e Lilacs (América Latina e Caribe). Discutiram-se as dificuldades para a realizaçäo de estudos nesta área, ainda em número restrito no Brasil, em decorrência do grande subregistro de óbitos fetais e da má qualidade da informaçäo nas declaraçöes de óbitos. Foram apresentadas as principais propostas de classificaçäo dos óbitos perinatais baseadas em enfoque de evitabilidade, com destaque para a classificaçäo de Wigglesworth. Nesta abordagem, os óbitos perinatais foram relacionados a momentos específicos da assistência, sendo evidenciadas as possibilidades de sua prevençäo. Recomenda-se o enfoque de evitabilidade para a abordagem da mortalidade perinatal no Brasil, dado que as taxas säo ainda elevadas, a maioria dos óbitos é considerada evitável e poderia ser prevenida com a melhoria da assistência pré-natal, ao parto e ao recém-nascido, näo apenas quanto à sua resolubilidade clínica, mas também à organizaçäo da assistência em sistemas hierarquizados e regionalizados, assegurando o acesso da gestante e do recém-nascido em tempo oportuno a serviços de qualidade


Subject(s)
Perinatal Mortality , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Child Health Services/organization & administration , Maternal Health Services/organization & administration
12.
Lima; Perú. Ministerio de Salud. Proyecto 2000; ago. 2001. 66 p. tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-648673

ABSTRACT

La presente publicación ha sido diseñada para el uso de las personas que prestan los servicios de salud con la finalidad de lograr una mejor promoción y atención de la salud materno infantil. Señala estrategias para lograr una adecuada promoción del cuidado de la salud y expone métodos e instrumentos para lograr las estrategias


Subject(s)
Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Health Services Research , Guidelines as Topic , Health Promotion , Maternal and Child Health , Maternal-Child Health Services , Peru
15.
Säo Paulo; Icone; 1998. 188 p. ilus, tab.(C & Q Controle e Qualidade).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-223610

ABSTRACT

Aborda um contexto amplo de reflexäo sobre a saúde da mulher brasileira, destacando a questäo da mortalidade materna, aspectos relativos à conceituaçäo do processo do nascimento numa perspectiva antropológica e a descriçäo dos programas nacionais de saúde materno-infantil.


Subject(s)
Perinatal Care/organization & administration , National Health Programs , Perinatal Mortality , Quality of Health Care , Brazil , Child Care , Maternal Health Services , Nursing Care , Reproductive Health
16.
s.l; Chaco. Ministerio de Salud; 1998. 199 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-225662

ABSTRACT

Contenido: Propuesta normativa sobre atención del embarazo normal, del parto de bajo riesgo y de la atención inmediata del recién nacido. Nornas de bioseguridad. Toma de decisiones en base al sistema informático perinatal. Organización de servicios de perinatología. Anexos: Iniciativa OMS-UNICEF "Hospitales Amigos de la Madre y el Niño". Método de la lactancia y la amenorrea para el espaciamiento de los hijos. Cálculo del recuso Humano Médico. Definiciones e indicadores perinatales. El compromiso nacional en favor de la madre y el niño


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Prenatal Care/standards , Perinatology/standards , Argentina , Prenatal Care/methods , Prenatal Care/organization & administration , Infant, Newborn , Medical Records , Obstetrics/education , Parturition , Perinatology/education , Perinatology/organization & administration , Pregnancy
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